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1.0 Preamble
In India, Bamboo
forests occupy approx. 10.3 million hectares, of which 28% of is located
in the North-East, comprising more than 100 species of Bamboo. Though
Bamboo is used for handicrafts, food product, construction material,
etc. however, most commercial use of bamboo is for the production of
Pulp & Paper. Approx. 12 lakh residents of North East are directly or
indirectly dependent over Bamboo harvesting, as such, bamboo harvesting
is the backbone rural economy of NER.
2.0 Salient Feature of
Bamboo
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Bamboo is perennial evergreen
plant in the grass family Poaceae. |
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Bamboo is made up of Fibre, lignin
& moisture. Paper is made of fibre after removing lignin. |
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Compared to other agro product,
bamboo fibre has good fibre length. |
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Supreme Court has categorically
recognised that bamboo and cane belong to grass family. |
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Since bamboo belong to grass
family and grow profusely and naturally regenerated through rhizome
& seed naturally fast growing species. Harvesting of bamboo does not
impact environment and due to this reasons, it is considered to be
environmental friendly. |
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Freshly cut Green Bamboo
contains moisture of 50% |
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Air Dry Bamboo mean bamboo
dried under open air. Air dry bamboo means more material & less
moisture. |
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While determining Air Dry
Bamboo, the moisture considered to be 10%. If moisture contain
is more than 10%, pro-rata deduction/penalty are made. |
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Air Dry Bamboo is rarely
procured now unless becomes absolute necessary. |
3.0 Bamboo in North
Eastern States
Assam is the
largest bamboo producing states of India and main bamboo growing areas
are the districts of Cachar, Karbi Anglong, North Cachar Hills, Nagaon
and Lakhimpur.
Nagaland have a structured policy for the promotion and
development of bamboo Industry ant the predominant area are districts of
Dimapur, Peren, Mon and Mokokchung.
Tripura also has structured policy for development of bamboo
sector. It extracts is 184.60 million bamboo p.a. Most common uses are
housing and supply to paper mill in Assam. However, a small percentage
is utilized for handicrafts related products.
Mizoram: Mizoram is richly endowed with bamboo forests (6,446 sq.
km), covering 31 % of the area of the State. The growing stock is
estimated at 25.3 million tonnes, and the potential availability at 5.8
million tonnes.
4.0 Annual Paper
Production Target
HPC is having two paper
manufacturing units
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Nagaon Paper Mill(NPM), Jagiroad,
Assam |
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Cachar Paper Mill(CPM), Panchgram,
Assam |
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Annual Paper Production Target
of each unit ( NPM & CPM ) : 1.00 lakhs MT |
5.0 Annual Requirement of
Bamboo
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Bamboo requirement for each unit :
3.75 - 4 lakhs MTG p.a (1 MT paper requires approx 3.75 MTG bamboo)
including one month buffer stock |
6.0 Structure of
commercial Bamboo harvesting
6.1 Private sources (NPM &
CPM)
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Species: Bamboosa Tulda (Jati),
Vulgaris, Balcooa (Bhaluka) |
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Ownership : Private
Plantation, Community Forest, Village Forest |
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States : Assam, Meghalaya,
North Bengal, Arunanchal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura,
Manipur |
6.2 Lease Bamboo (NPM &
CPM)
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Species: Dendrocalamus
hamiltonii (Kako), Neohouzeaua dulooa Syn. Teinostachyum dulooa (Dolu),
Melocana baccifera Syn. Melocana bamboosaaides (Muli),
Oxytenananthera parviflora (Hill Jati) |
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Ownership: Govt Land under
Forest Deptt, & Autonomous Council |
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State: Assam |
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Geographical Location:
Karbi Anglong ( KAAC) North Cachar Hill Autonomous Council ( NCHAC) |
7.0 Bamboo Procurement
Season - Salient features
As per the forest
silviculture norms , forest operation are ceased during Monsoon
season ( May to Sep ) for forest regeneration & wildlife breeding.
Moreover, during rainy season, flood and heavy rainfall makes the forest
inaccessible for bamboo operation.
Hence bamboo procurement is seasonal in nature and sufficient bamboo is
to be stocked (buffer stock) for manufacture of Pulp & paper during lean
season.
NPM
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Normal season: Oct to April( 7
months) |
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Peak season: Nov to March |
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Lean season: May to September
(5 months) |
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Leanest season: June to August |
CPM
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Normal season: Oct to April( 7
months) |
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Peak season: Nov to March |
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Lean season: May to September
(5 months) |
8.0 Bamboo Procurement
Policy for NPM & CPM
For production of one
lakh tonne of paper and to maintain a reasonable level of bamboo stock,
both unit needs has to procure around 4 lakh tonnes of bamboo every
year.
NPM procures bamboo through three modes, viz. Gate Purchase System
(GPS), Road and Rail. A single mode cannot meet the robust bamboo
requirement of the Unit. Currently green bamboo is only procured in both
the mills.
NPM
Therefore, procurement
is done from all the three sources. The procurement during last 5 years
from NPM from different sources is as below:
FY |
2011-12 |
2012-13 |
2013-14 |
2014-15 |
2015-16 |
GPS |
115226 |
67866 |
67842 |
78910 |
71480 |
ROAD |
197927 |
76169 |
162338 |
221759 |
76294 |
RAIL |
153054 |
41763 |
132132 |
5720 |
47188 |
Total |
466207 |
185798 |
362312 |
306389 |
194962 |
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** Small quantity of
wood was procured during FY 2011-12 but discontinued due to its cost
ineffectiveness.
CPM
Cachar Paper Mill (CPM)
is not in operation on account of blanket ban imposed by National Green
Tribunal (NGT) on mining and transportation of coal from the state of
Meghalaya w.e.f May 14th 2014, from where CPM used to source 100% of its
coal requirement and even prior to it, it has been operating at
sub-optimal capacity owing large scale flowering in NER. As such bamboo
procurement figure of CPM in last five years are not relevant to give
true picture, hence not placed.
8.1 Procurement policy in
detail
NPM
i) Gate Purchase
Scheme (GPS)
This scheme has been
floated to encourage marginal farmers, small traders whereby they can
offer/deliver even one truck load of material, collect the payment
directly after against the supplies without involvement of any middle
man. There is no quantity/contractual obligation, prerequisite for
submission of EMD or security deposit, penalties are not applicable on
the part of supplier.
This source is vulnerable to the external factors such as Natural
Calamities, social festive and fund constraints. The arrival pickups is
Oct, peak during Dec to March and almost dries up April.
Approx 28-30 % of the requirement can be met from this source.
CPM
Bamboo harvesting in
catchment area of CPM is very much less vis a vis NPM hence very small
quantity of bamboo is procured under GPS in CPM .
ii) Procurement
through Road
NPM
The next important
source of procurement which is comparatively costlier than GPS but
cheaper than bamboo procured through Rail. This source is tapped by way
of tender. As such, it has an obligation of contractual quantity,
security deposit, penalties etc. This source is comparatively more
consistent vis-a-vis arrival of GPS.
CPM
The unique feature of
procurement of bamboo in CPM that even during monsoon season, sizable
quantity of bamboo comes from private plantation of Mizoram through
river bed upto Katakal depot & near Katlikara depot(Halakandi district)
and onwards road transportation upto mill.
The tenders are floated on FOR basis.
For NPM to reach the procurement target of 4 lacs MT of bamboo ,
approx 50 - 55 % of the requirement are to be met from this source.
For CPM to reach to the procurement target of 4 lacs MT of
bamboo, approx 85 % has to tapped from this source.
iii ) Rail:
NPM & CPM
The third important
source of bamboo procured by way of rail. This source is a costliest
source vis-a-vis road and GPS.
This source is least affected to the natural calamities, festive and
other disturbances . Since large quantities comes at a time, it helps
building up stock. Unlike GPS & bamboo by road, since Rail sources are
well connected by rail, as such, this source is exposed to the
competition from other paper mill which is direct bearing on the price
offered to HPC. If the demand from competitive mill are high, price goes
up and vice-versa.
For NPM the areas covered under this source are Lower Assam,
Upper Assam, and North Bengal.
For CPM North Cachar Hill Autonomous Council (NCHAC).
Since this source is well connected with rail link and least affected to
natural calamities, festive and other disturbances, as such, even during
lean season, adequate quantities are available.
Since decades, HPC has been tapping the entire source.
For NPM for reaching to the procurement target of 4 lacs MT of
bamboo , approx
18-20% percent has to tapped from this source.
For CPM for reaching to the procurement target of 4 lacs MT of
bamboo , approx 10% percent has to tapped from this source.
9.0 Rate Mechanism
Gate Purchase Scheme
(GPS)
There is a mechanism
for collecting/finalising the price for GPS. A Committee makes the
survey of the nearby areas within the radius of 50 Kms and concludes a
price, attractive enough to cover the cost of bamboo harvesting,
transportation cost and other incidental expenses in supplying to HPC.
The prices are reviewed at times when the arrivals are inadequate than
the previous trend.
The present rate of GPS is Rs 2250 PMTG (Exclusive of Tax)
Road & Rail
As per the policy, road
bamboo is procured on delivered ( FOR ) basis.
Since railways has differential freight policy for the peak season and
rainy (lean) season , therefore for both NPM & CPM rail bamboo is
procured on ex-source basis. Taxes and railway freight reimbursed at
actual.
At present w.e.f. 1st October , 2016 Assam Government has waived the
incidence of VAT on procurement of Bamboo from Assam.
10.0 Procurement Procedure
HPC follows a
transparent tendering procedure.
At present, since most of the bidders are from NER and are not fully
conversant with e-procurement system, it could not be implemented.
However , they are being persuaded and trained for process of
registration with service providers.
The e-procurement shall be done onset of next procurement season.
HPC has Procurement Manual Guideline PMG (Effective
Sept/2005-Under Revision). The purchase and procurement activities are
carried out in compliance with PMG.
The procedure is as follows:
10.1 Mode & Type of
Tendering
a) Open Tender -
Thorough press and website
b) Short Tender - In case of exigencies, short tender are also floated
through advertisement.
10.2 Salient features of
tendering
a. As per the
requirement, Tender notices are also published in newspaper preferably
in Business Standard. Tenders floated from units are also published in
North East based leading newspaper. Also uploaded in HPC’s website
www.hinpaper.in
The vendors have the flexibility to quote on date or before the due of
opening.
b. Co-operative Societies: Societies resisted under society act
can also participate in tender and 20 % quantity is reserved for them.
c) Specification: The standard specifications are mentioned in
NIB.
d) Earnest Money Deposit (EMD): EMD is Rs. 20 PMT of the quoted
quantity.
Co-operative Societies are exempted from EMD.
If the outstanding of a vendor is overdue, at times, on request of
vendor, EMD are also adjusted out of there outstanding.
e. Bids are called in two parts:
i) Techno- commercial bid ii) Price Bid
f. On due date bids are opened online.
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If in the first invitation, no
offers are received, on the due date of opening is extended. |
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If in the first invitation, single
bid is received, then tender is cancelled as per CVC guidelines and
re-tendering is done. |
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Even after re-tendering only
single offer is received, it can be processed. |
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Corrigendum, Extension and
Re-tendering notices are uploaded in HPC web site. |
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After opening of the tender ,
technical bids are evaluated. |
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In NIB, there is a provision for a
bidder to quote for minimum offered quantity. If any bidder quotes
less than the minimum offered quantity, is subject to cancellation,
without assigning any reason. Their price bids are not opened. |
g. Estimates:
Prior to opening of price bid , a committee is constituted who makes a
survey of the market and prepares a estimate price , as a base price,
for the tendered commodity.
h. Only the price bids of qualified bidders are opened.
i. Rates for road bamboo are called FOR ( Delivered basis).
j. However for rail source rates are called on ex source basis.
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In NIB, there is also a provision
for splitting of orders among the bidders, as per the apportionment
Clause. |
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Distribution of quantity, among
the bidders is done as per the apportionment Clause subject to
acceptance of L-1 rate. |
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L-1 bidder is given the first
opportunity to supply. |
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If L-1 bidder has offered the
minimum offered quantity, then the bidder is given the first
opportunity to accept additional quantity as per the apportionment
clause of NIB. |
k. Security Deposit
(SD)
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Normally 5% of the contract value
is taken as Security Deposit. |
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EMD of the successful bidder(s) is
converted as Security Deposit. |
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The difference between EMD and SD
can be deposited by way of RTGS/Cheque/Bank Guarantee ( BG) |
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In order to give comfort to
vendors, SD can also be built up by way of deduction from the
running bill. |
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If the outstanding of a vendor is
overdue, SD can also be adjusted out of the same. |
l. Penalty Deduction:
Penalty clauses are mentioned in NIB. Deductions are made in accordance
with the same.
m. Credit Period: Credit period are normally ranges between
15/30/90 days depending upon the commodity. However, it also changed on
need basis in exigencies but it is equal to all vendors.
Due to Working Capital constraint, the Corporation has not been able to
adhere to the payment schedule prescribed in NIB.
n. Payment Mode:
i) RTGS
ii) Letter of Credit (LC) are established for the full or partial value
of the material subject to availability of ILC limits, with usance
period of 90/180 days for supplies made prior to 90 days.
iii) Bill discounting
o. Assignment Order:
Scenario Nos. 1
After floating of tender, in the event of exigencies, pending
finalization of tender, assignment orders are placed on the bidders, who
have already participated in the tender, subject to their agreeing to
accepting of L-1 rate after finalization of tender.
Scenario Nos. 2
Assignment orders are also placed to new vendors in the following
scenario:
a) The source is new
b) Existing bidders are not supplying.
c) There is a delay in supplying of materials.
Assignment Orders are placed on the same rate, terms and conditions or
lower than the existing L-1 rate.
p. Developmental Order: HPC has a policy to encourage and develop
new vendors to increase competition . To achieve this objective , in NIB
, 10 % quantity is reserved for the new vendors who, though have
participated in NIB , however are not meeting the PQC. Said 10 % of the
quantity is equally distributed among such new vendors subject to
acceptance of L- 1 rates and other standard terms & conditions.
q. Spot Purchase: In the event of extreme exigencies, spot
purchase are also done at unit level by a committee.
Assignment order, trial order, spot purchase constitute a very small
percentage of the total procurement.
r. Repeat Order: There is a provision for repeat order. Quantity
of an order may be increased against a purchase order /contract ,
provided that:
a) Period not exceeding 1 (one) year from the date of original order.
b) There has been no downward trend in price, confirmed by a committee.
c) There is no change in rates, terms and conditions of the original
order.
d) Quantity not exceeding original order quantity
s. Delivery Of Materials: Vendors has to deliver the materials to
stores directly or through approved transporters on freight to pay/paid
basis as the terms stipulated / specified in the purchase order.
Information of receiving and acceptance of the materials is given by
stores to Purchase by sending a copy of Goods Receipt Voucher (GRV)
which is uploaded in ERP.
t. Sampling: In case on procurement of Air Dry bamboo only, Joint
Samples are drawn and tested in HPC lab and based on the test results
payment are released.
u. Release of Payments: Payments are released after receipt &
acceptance of material at site and completion of all procedural
formalities.
Due to Working Capital constraint, the Corporation has not been able to
adhere to the payment schedule prescribed in NIB.
11.0 Bamboo Resource
Development
HPC is committed to
develop bamboo resource across Assam & NE region through following:
a) Tissue Culture Laboratory:
Salient features
Installed: Jan 2006
Operation Start: Oct 2008
Verities Propogated: Bambusa tulda (Jati), Bambusa balcooa (Bhaluka) and
Bambusa nutans (Makal)
Production Capacity: 3.5 lakhs Tissue Culture Plantlet(TCP) (2 shift)
Total Production till today: 16.00 lakh Tissue Culture Plantlet (TCP)
Marketing & Propagation
Rate: Rs 20 per Tissue Culture Plantlet (TCP)
Buyers of TCP: Private Plantation, Universities, Forest Deptts of
different state, research institutes, farmers, etc.
Accreditation:
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology had given
Certificate of Recognition in March 14, 2014, through Biotech Consortium
India Ltd (BCIL) New Delhi.
It is the first and only accredited, largest commercial Tissue Culture
Laboratory in the North East India.
b) Farm Forestry:
NPM has implemented Farm Forestry Scheme since 1987 and distributed 3.65
lakh nos of bamboo rhizome and 18.34 lakh seedlings were planted in
different district of Assam.
NPM is also giving high yielding Plantlet developed in TC- Lab at a
subsidised rate to farmers, growers.
Forest Department of different state are also procuring plantlet from
HPC.
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